A standard can be defined as a published paper that contains technical specifications or other specific criteria structured to be used constantly as a guideline, definition, or rule. These standards are usually in the form of formal documents that are created through a process of public enquiry as well as consultation. They integrate the expertise and views of a broad range of interests, which normally include academia, consumers, special interest groups, business, government, and industry. Thus, standards symbolize a consensus on present best practice.
Standards created by national or regional standards development organization (SDOs), or by industrial institutions, are also utilized internationally. Examples include the standards created by the BSI, which means British Standards Institution, as well as by the ASI, which signifies the American Petroleum Institute. These regional or national standards, which have widespread international use, are typically termed global standards. However, it should be stated that the national and regional SDOS have adopted international standards in their published materials, for instance BS EN ISO-13702.
International standards can be defined as those standards prepared by an acknowledged standards development organization. For the petroleum industry, the two major standard development organizations are the ISO-International Organization for Standardization as well as the IEC-International Electro technical Commission. ISO can be defined as an independent, non-governmental organization as well as the world’s largest creator of charitable international standards. ISO is made up of 165 member nations, which are the domestic standards bodies all around the globe, with a centralized secretariat, based in Switzerland. ISO standards guarantee that goods and services are reliable, safe and of excellent quality. For industries, they are particular tools that minimize costs by reducing waste and errors along with increasing productivity. They aid corporations to access novel markets, stabilize the playing field for non-developed nations and facilitate free along with fair global trade
American petroleum institute (API)
The API denotes the largest United States trade association for the petroleum and natural gas industry. The API claims to represent approximately 400 companies involved in the production, distribution, refinement, and several other areas of the petroleum industry. The APIs’ major purpose on behalf of the oil and gas industry include negotiation and advocacy with governmental, regulatory, and legal agencies; research into toxicological, economic, and environmental effects; creation and endorsement of industry standards; as well as education outreach. The American Petroleum Institute both funds as well as conducts research connected to several aspects of the industry.
The API distributes over 200,000 copies of published material each year. These published documents, technical standards and online products are structured, according to the API itself, to aid users enhance their efficiency as well as cost-effectiveness for oil and gas operations. The also help oil and gas companies to conform to regulatory and legislative requirements, protect health, safety, and safeguard the environment. Each published material is supervised by a committee made up of industry professionals, which are majorly company engineers. The technical standards are usually uncontroversial. For instance, api-610 is the requirement for centrifugal pumps, api-675 is the requirement for controlled volume positive-displacement pumps, diaphragm types and packed-plunger are also included. Diaphragm pumps, which utilize direct mechanical actuation, are not included. Api-677 denotes the specification for gear units while api-682 covers mechanical seals.
API also states the industry specification for motor oils’ energy conservation. API-SN is the most recent specification meant for motor oils manufactured for spark ignited engines should obey since 2010. It replaces the API-SM. The American Petroleum Institute provides vessel codes as well as standards for the manufacture of pressure vessels, which help protect the lives of individuals and the environments. It also outlines and publishes standards for measuring for products such as thread measuring systems, custom gauges, precision thread gauges, industrial and metrology supplies.
British Standards Group
The British standards group, also known in the United Kingdom as the BSI, is an organization whose major activity is the creation of standards as well as the provision of standards related services. The BSI was first created as the engineering standards committee. It later extended its standardization functions and became the standards association for British engineering. Its name was changed to British Standards Institution after acquiring a royal charter in the year 1929. The charter was revised in 1998 and allowed the institutions to diversify and purchase other businesses, as well as change its trading name to the BSI group, which now operates globally in 150 nations. BSLs’ essential business remains creating standards as well as standards related services, even though the mainstream of the group’s income now comes from assessing management systems and certifications
Standards are developed for voluntary use. They do not enforce any regulations. Nonetheless, regulations and laws may refer to particular standards as well as make compliance to them necessary. As the British national standards body, BSI has the responsibility of producing and distributing British standards. It also charged with representing the interests of the United Kingdom in international and other European standards organizations for example IEC, ISO, CENELEC, ETSI and CEN.
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